Sunday, October 21, 2012

Turkey slowly scrapping ex-British Aircraft Carrier

From the looks of this the Turks are taking their time scrapping the ex-HMS Invincible http://www.myspace.com/zendransnavalimages/photos/2689721#{%22ImageId%22%3A2689721} Interesting how the British are allowing this in a place where anyone, even Iranian government officials, can obtain firsthand information regarding Aircraft Carrier design. One should recall that the Invincible was decommissioned because of budget problems, and any country seeking to obtain an Aircraft Carrier for the first time, especially to build one, would be able to easily go to Aliaga and study the Invincible. Recall also that Iran obtained info on Stealth Aircraft from the downed F-117 parts it obtained through it's military personnel on liaison duty in the Balkans.

Friday, October 19, 2012

Odd british military activity in Northeast

Interesting how the British navy is censoring news of HMS Dauntless D-33 claiming it is in the Mediterranean http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/The-Fleet/Ships/Destroyers/Type-45-Destroyers/HMS-Dauntless When in fact it just left Boston hours ago http://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.10151052710366741.424906.131534206740&type=1 What do the British have to hide? I am amazed they haven;t tried to censor my pics of my visit aboard the Helicopter Carrier Argus when it was in Boston in July.

Monday, October 08, 2012

Getting it Right, Warship Names


Few people understand that the names people give objects give that object certain properties.  This holds true for Naval vessels as well, for in naming these ships the Fleet they belong to want to convey aspects of power.  As of late however many countries have been forgetting this.
            In viewing the new Iranian FFG’s of the Jamaran class one gets this impression, for the Jamaran, despite it’s impressive armament, is named after a neighborhood with an association with the Iranian revolution which few people, even those in Iran, understand the meaning of.  Even more unusual was the fact that IS-77 was planned to be named Sahand in honor of the Iranian FFG sunk by the Americans on April 18, 1988, however when many in Iran’s military, myself included, voiced strong approval of the name ali khameni changed the name of IS-77 to Veleyat after his position.  In doing so he broke a taboo of Naval Ships, to avoid naming the ship after a living person or head of state, a tradition I will expound on later, before transferring the name Sahand to another new Warship under construction.  However, the Iranian Navy is not the only Navy to make this mistake as of late, in point of fact almost every major Fleet has done this.
            As stated above one major taboo is not to name a Naval Vessel after the country, the head of state, or a living person.  The reason for this is to prevent any misfortune happening to the nation should some misfortune happen to the ship.  The nazi’s understood this and when war broke out they renamed the battleship Deutschland the Lutzow because of this taboo.  The US navy named one of it’s Supercarriers America, it was decommissioned in 1996, the year after Russia’s only Supercarrier outmaneuvered it during exercises, and was sunk as a target in 2005.  A new Amphibious Assault Ship named America has just been launched, however it incorporated some of the features, including the weaknesses, of the Spanish Juan Carlos I which the Iranians studied after 2 of that class were sold to Australia.  The only other nations in the western hemisphere that has a warship named after the country are Argentina, that ship is a Destroyer, Brazil, that ship is a Frigate used for training duties, and Uruguay, and that for two Frigates, one of which had mechanical problems shortly after being commissioned and which is now kept in reserve.  Consider also the history of every ship named United States.  The first was a sail Frigate, one of the sister ships of the USS Constitution, which was captured by the Confederates, the second was a Lexington class Battlecruiser which was cancelled within days of construction, the third was to be America’s first Supercarrier but was cancelled within days of construction, and the fourth was to be CVN-75 but was instead renamed after Harry S Truman.
            The US Navy, also has had the habit of naming more ships for living people.  While the purpose behind this is to honor someone who has made an outstanding contribution, this tradition has been pushed to it’s limit.  This tradition was revived in the 1970’s, the last time being used during the revolutionary war and stopped because of Benedict Arnold, however in the 1970’s the Navy decided to honor America’s longest serving congressman, Carl Vinson, who made things easy for the military during his tenure in congress.  Then after Admiral Hyman G. Rickover retired in 1982 the navy decided to name a SSN after him.  Though this practice was used sparingly things began to get out of hand after a SSN was named after jimmy carter, and such instances have become commonplace
            Notice also how the US Navy has also named some of it’s ships after foreigners, some of who have not had Warships named after them in their own country of origin, including Von Steuben, Simon Bolivar, and Winston Churchill, and notice how other countries are following the same trend of the US Navy.  The British have named the lead ship of the new Supercarriers under construction Queen Elizabeth, which is also the name of that country’s reigning monarch, as well as the name of a Battleship built during WWI and which served during WWII, and the second ship of the class, Prince of Wales, is named after the heir to the throne, and is also the name of a WWII Battleship which was sunk during WWII.  Spain, as noted already, has named an Aircraft Carrier/Amphibious Assault Ship after it’s reigning Monarch, Juan Carlos I, though it was named by popular decision, and it also has a FFG named after the Queen consort, Reina Sofia, an Aircraft Carrier after the heir to the throne, Principe de Asturias, and a DDG after the King’s father, Almirante Juan de Borbon.
            Just to give an idea of how nations on the brink of conflict and catastrophe tend to name ships after the rulers of a country, let alone living people, consider how on the outbreak of the First World War Germany, Russia, Great Britain, Spain, Sweden, and Italy had Battleships named after their ruling Monarch, Austria-Hungary had a Cruiser named after it’s reigning Monarch, and the Otomans were in the process of having a Battleship built which was named for their reigning Monarch.
            Also the nomenclature system for Naval ships reflects not only the power projection of that Warship but also the tone of that nation.  Notice how the US Navy, like the Russian, British, and French Navies, tends to change the nomenclature system for it’s Warships.  Currently the US navy has SSBN’s and SSN’s using state names, SSN’s, Littoral Combat Ships, aka FFG’s, Amphibious Assault Ships, and Logistical Support Ships using city names, CG’s and Amphibious Assault Ships using the names of battles, and DDG’s, FFG’s and various other ships using the names of soldiers and people who have made contributions to the military.  The British, have reverted to an offhand way of naming their ships, notice names like Astute and Artful for SSN’s, Diamond and Daring for DDG’s, and while these names are shared with historic British Warships they don’t sound too motivating.  The French similarly have now been calling their DDG’s Frigates, though giving them names of French provinces, and now naming their new SSN’s after their famous military officers.  The Russians are naming their new Mistral class Amphibious Assault Ships after cities, with the lead ship being named Vladivostok.  Russia has been naming it’s SSBN’s after founding figures of Russia and by naming the lead ship of the new Command Frigates after Admiral Gorshkov Russia is hinting that those Command Frigates are really DDG’s.
            Speaking of Command Frigates one way people are able to realize that the Command Frigates of Germany, The Netherlands, and Spain are really DDG’s other than by the armament are by the names.  For instance the Germans name their Command Frigates after Provinces, unlike their regular FFG’s which are named after cities, the Netherlands after famous ships and Admirals, and the Spanish after great military leaders.  In the case of the Netherlands the naming of the new Joint Support Ship Karel Doorman makes an excellent point, for by naming that ship after the Dutch Admiral who led the Dutch and Allied Naval forces in WWII, who was responsible for forming the winning strategy used by the Allies in the Pacific during WWII, who was killed at the Battle of the Java Sea implementing his tactics, and who had an Aircraft Carrier and a FFG named in his honor, the Royal Netherlands Navy is emphasizing the Amphibious Assault capability of the Joint Support Ship.  With the first mentioned the naming of provinces may rub some the wrong way.  Take the new German DDG under construction, the Baden-Wuerttemberg.  While named for a province, it is named for a province made up of a former Kingdom, Wuerttemberg, and Baden, ruled by the ranking Grossherzog of the old Deutsches Reich, as well as two Battleships of WWI, the Baden, which was the only German Battleship prevented from being scuttled by it’s crew at Scapa Flow, and the Wuerttemberg, which was not completed.  Many people in Germany have Royalist sympathies as well, and many of the deposed Royals not only perform their compulsory military service as German residents but maintain prominent positions in German affairs, and such a name makes many wince, including the grandnephew of Queen Charlotte of Wuerttemberg’s goddaughter, myself.
            Another excellent example of ship names emphasizing true capability are the coiches the Japanese Navy uses.  Recently the Japanese began naming their DDG’s after WWII Battleships and Cruisers.  When they decided to begin their new Helicopter Carrier, which was officially classified as a Helicopter Destroyer, they named it the Hyuga, after a Battleship which during WWII had it’s aft section converted to launch aircraft during combat.  When the Helicopter Destroyer Hyuga was launched everyone could see it had a flight deck like an Aircraft Carrier, and now the Japanese are strengthening the flight deck to accommodate tactical fighter/bomber aircraft now that China has acquired a Supercarrier.
            One other taboo which the US Navy has been breaking as of late is to name a Warship after a decommissioned Warship which is being preserved as a Museum, a tradition almost every other Navy in the World honors.  As of late the US Navy has named an SSBN after a Battleship preserved as a Museum, the USS Alabama SSBN-731 three new SSN’s after three Battleships preserved as Museums, the USS Texas SSN-775 which almost sank during it’s shakedown cruise, the USS North Carolina SSN-777 and the USS Missouri SSN-780.  Additionally SSN-775 is the second ship the US Navy has named Texas since the USS Texas BB-35 was preserved as a Museum.  Similarly the second Ticonderoga class CG was named Yorktown after the Aircraft Carrier Yorktown CV-10 preserved as a Museum, and since then has been decommissioned.  Already the US Navy has reused the names Constellation, Olympia, The Sullivans, Cavalla, Kidd, Barry, Little Rock, Marlin, Philadelphia, Silversides in active duty ships, some of which have been decommissioned or had less than sterling careers than the ships they were named for.
            There are reasons for giving Warships the name they have, namely for power, protection, and good fortune.  We forget the reason for this at our own risk.

Tuesday, September 25, 2012

The nigger threatens Iran over nuclear program

These statements by the nigger threaten every Iranian and all Iranians who do not oppose the nigger and his zionist backers deserve suffering and death like the nigger and his backers. Peter Khan Zendran

 Obama warns U.S. will ‘do what we must’ on Iran By Olivier Knox, Yahoo! News | The Ticket – 2 hrs 59 mins ago NEW YORK—Exactly six weeks before Election Day, President Barack Obama stood on the world stage Tuesday and warned Iran that the United States will "do what we must" to stop Tehran from getting a nuclear weapon. In what could be his last speech to the annual U.N. General Assembly, Obama also told Arab Spring countries groping their way uncertainly toward democracy that they have a friend—and a role model—in America. But, he said, they must battle the forces of intolerance and extremism threatening what should be "a season of progress." "The United States of America will always stand up for these aspirations, for our own people, and all across the world. That was our founding purpose," he said. The president, under fire from Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney for his handling of Iran's atomic ambitions, dedicated part of his 30-minute address to warning the Islamic republic that he cannot live with a nuclear-armed Tehran. "Make no mistake: a nuclear-armed Iran is not a challenge that can be contained," Obama said. "It would threaten the elimination of Israel, the security of Gulf nations, and the stability of the global economy. It risks triggering a nuclear-arms race in the region, and the unraveling of the non-proliferation treaty," Obama continued. "That's why the United States will do what we must to prevent Iran from obtaining a nuclear weapon." The president's stern comments closely echoed his past warnings, and stopped short of drawing the clear "red line" Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has sought from Washington. (Romney has at times taken a tougher stance. In a July speech in Jerusalem, he declared that "Iran's pursuit of nuclear weapons capability presents an intolerable threat to Israel, to America, and to the world." The key word there was "capability"—not an actual nuclear weapon, but the ability to build one. That lined the Republican up more closely with Netanyahu.) Obama denounced an anti-Islam video on the Internet that has partly fueled violent demonstrations throughout the Muslim world, calling the film "crude and disgusting." But he explained that he could not simply ban it—and scolded those who denounce anti-Muslim speech but stay quiet when the target is Christianity. "The future must not belong to those who slander the prophet of Islam. But to be credible, those who condemn that slander must also condemn the hate we see in the images of Jesus Christ that are desecrated, churches are destroyed, or the Holocaust is denied," he said, in an apparent reference to Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. "It is time to marginalize those who, even when not resorting to violence, use hatred of America, or the West, or Israel as the central organizing principle of politics," Obama said. "For that only gives cover, and sometimes makes an excuse, for those who resort to violence." Obama noted that freedom of speech means he can condemn, but not ban, the video. "As president of our country, and commander-in-chief of our military, I accept that people are going to call me awful things every day," he said, drawing laughter from the audience of dignitaries. "And I will always defend their right to do so." And he invited the Muslim world to draw inspiration from America's protections for freedom of speech and religion. "We do so because in a diverse society, efforts to restrict speech can become a tool to silence critics, or oppress minorities," he said. "We do so because given the power of faith in our lives, and the passion that religious differences can inflame, the strongest weapon against hateful speech is not repression, it is more speech—the voices of tolerance that rally against bigotry and blasphemy, and lift up the values of understanding and mutual respect." Obama also paid tribute to the slain U.S. ambassador to Libya, Chris Stevens, killed along with three colleagues in what his administration has designated a terrorist attack on the anniversary of 9/11. Stevens "embodied the best of America," the president said. "Today, we must reaffirm that our future will be determined by people like Chris Stevens, and not by his killers." Obama also delivered the kind of vigorous defense of his foreign policy that would not be out of place in his stump speech. "The war in Iraq is over, American troops have come home. We have begun a transition in Afghanistan, and America and our allies will end our war on schedule in 2014," he said. "Al Qaeda has been weakened and Osama bin Laden is no more." Images of anti-American riots—and the dramatic assault on the U.S. compound in Benghazi, Libya—have helped degrade Obama's once-imposing advantage over Romney on foreign policy.

Wednesday, September 19, 2012

Major watson/shit u changes


Recently the watson institute has received its fifth director in the 5 years since I left.  This time they chose zionist pig peter andreas, who along with nina tannenwald, had dominated policy at the international relations department at the watson institute, and their bias has shown in Iranians and their associates being not welcome there, to third rate hacks being hired, and to zionist brainwash and policy to predominate at the watson institute.  Having personally dealt with andreas, as the Middle east studies dpt. I worked with was a concentration of international relations, his choice as director is not a pleasant one.
Of more concern is the sudden departure of Sergei Khrushchev from the watson institute.  Though Sergei is 77, no press release from either brown or the watson institute has explains his departure, and intimidation may be one reason.

Saturday, September 08, 2012

More anti-Iranian rhetoric from john mccain

While this rhetoric from john mccain may be old news, the current aggressive stance of the republican party towards Iran makes this statement all the more inciteful.  Were this any other country mccain would be silent.
http://english.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=9106062396


News - English
News numbre:  9106062396
2012-09-08 - 17:56


McCain: Iranians Support Govt's Policy of Nuclear Advancement

TEHRAN (FNA)- American Senator and former Republican presidential candidate John McCain underlined that the US sanctions cannot deter Iran from acquiring and mastering the nuclear technology inasmuch as the Iranian nation is supportive of the country's nuclear program.

"Sanctions, when we look at history, rarely work - and in the case of Iran that's exacerbated by a sense that the nuclear program has the people's support," said McCain on Friday.

Iran and the United States are locked in a standoff over Tehran's nuclear drive. The United States and its Western allies accuse Iran of trying to develop nuclear weapons under the cover of a civilian nuclear program, while they have never presented any corroborative evidence to substantiate their allegations.

Iran vehemently denies the charges and insists that its nuclear program is for peaceful purposes only.

Observers believe that the US is at loggerheads with Iran over the independent and home-grown nature of Tehran's nuclear technology, which gives the Islamic Republic the potential to turn into a world power and a role model for other third-world countries.

Following the US National Intelligence Estimate (NIE) and similar reports by the former IAEA head, Mohamed ElBaradei - including a report in November 2007 and the other one in February 2008 - which praised Iran's truthfulness about key aspects of its past nuclear activities and announced settlement of outstanding issues with Tehran, US and Israeli efforts to impose further sanctions or launch military attack on Iran seemed to be completely irrational and lost international support, even in the West.





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 ©2006 Fars News Agency. All Rights Reserved

Major deployment by france against Syria

I am wondering if this deployment is being done as a prelude to an attack on Syria or Iran.
http://www.defense.gouv.fr/marine/actu-marine/cooperation-franco-libanaise-avec-la-fregate-jean-de-vienne


 Mise à jour : 06/09/2012 17:04
Coopération franco-libanaise

Un canon de 20 mm installé sur le patrouilleur libanais Tabarja connaissait de sérieux problèmes techniques. La relâche opérationnelle de la frégate anti-sous-marine Jean de Vienne, du 25 au 29 août 2012 à Beyrouth, a été l’occasion à la coopération franco-libanaise de se manifester de nouveau.

Deux officiers mariniers du Jean de Vienne se sont donc rendus à bord du patrouilleur pour expertiser le canon. Après des recommandations précieuses sur l’entretien de l’arme en question et l’emploi des différents lubrifiants, des produits nécessaires à l’entretien de cette arme ont été délivrés. Ils ont permis un meilleur maintien de l’installation par les marins libanais.

La coopération navale franco-libanaise est particulièrement étroite. Cette année encore, plusieurs bâtiments dont le BPC Dixmude au cours de la mission Jeanne d’Arc et la frégate Jean de Vienne ont fait escale dans les ports libanais.

Tensions between Iran and canada fester



This news regarding Iranian-canadian tensions as demonstrated by both countries severing diplomatic ties, while unwelcome, should come as no surprise, as Canada is part of the british commonwealth and ruled by the british crown, which have behaved in an openly offensive manner towards the Iranian community since Prince Ali-Reza’s murder.  While at present Canada does not have the means to launch an independent offensive against Iran, and if Canada were to participate in any hypothetical offensive it would suffer heavy casualties.  This does give Iran and the World’s militaries and economy’s cause to worry.
The canadian navy has better oceanographically trained officers than any other navy in the World, and as they are taught to familiarize themselves with the behaviors of different marine life, including whales, Iran’s submarine force should worry, for the Ghadir class SSK’s can mimic a whale, and along with unmanned drones this is a menace to Iran’s Navy.
Additionally Canada is acquiring 2 Karel Doorman class Joint Support Ships from the Dutch Navy, and plans to acquire Mistral class Amphibious Assault Ships from France.  This acquisition will negatively hurt the Dutch and French economies as the Iranian military will study the design of those ships for weaknesses, as it did with the s Spanish Juan Carlos I class Aircraft Carrier/Amphibious Assault Ships and 3 Alvaro de Bazan class Destroyers Spain sold to Australia, the most voiceferous caller for war against Iran.  It will also effect the Russian, Brazilian, and Indian Navies, as the Russians are acquiring 4 Mistral class Amphibious Assault Ships which they are providing with a heavier armament, the Brazilians have sealed a deal for Mistral class Amphibious Assault Ships for their Navy to replace their only Supercarrier the Sao Paulo, and the Indians are considering acquiring Mistral class Amphibious Assault Ships as well as Dokdo class Amphibious Assault Ships from South Korea.  If these deals go through with Canada The Netherlands and France will experience the same economic problems the Spanish experienced once their arms transaction was complete, and they along with the Russians, Brazilians, and Indians will be effected strategically.  Curiously enough the british have not shared their design expertise with Canada and Australia, and one wonders why.
Notice also the behavior of Iran’s Royal families as well as the Spanish Royal House during queen elizabeth’s diamond jubilee celebrations.  The absence of Shahbanou Farah and the Pahlavis, shows acknowledgement that the windsors had some hand in Princess Leila’s murder 11 years previously, the absence of Iran’s other Royal houses shows resentment at negative and backhanded dealings with the british since the reign of Fath Ali Shah.  The Spanish absence, while over the concerns of the health of Juan Carlos I and british occupation of Gibraltar, is a welcome act of solidarity, showing the World is getting fed up with british antics.




News - English
News numbre:  9106062408
2012-09-08 - 18:26


Iranian Speaker Calls off Visit to Canada
TEHRAN (FNA)- Iranian Parliament Speaker Ali Larijani canceled his planned visit to Canada after Ottawa intensified its anti-Iran policies and recalled its diplomats from Tehran.
Larijani was scheduled to pay a visit to Canada in October in a bid to take part in a meeting of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU).

The latest reports in Iran say that Larijani has canceled his visit in reaction to the closure of the Canadian embassy in Tehran.

Five Canadian diplomats left Iran on Friday and closed the embassy in a sudden move, suspending ties with Tehran.

In Tehran, several politicians and MPs welcomed the severance of ties with Canada, saying that the relations should have been cut off much earlier.

Several members of the Iranian parliament welcomed the closure of the Canadian mission in Tehran, underlining that the bilateral relations with Ottawa didn't benefit the Iranian nation.


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 ©2006 Fars News Agency. All Rights Reserved

Thursday, September 06, 2012

Getting it Right; Naval Power projections


            Today when describing the combat capability of any Navy most people use the terms blue water, green water, and brown water navies to describe the combat capability of a fleet.  While seemingly convenient this form of classification does cause some confusion, as it is based on geographical region rather than on combat capability.  For instance countries like Iran, Germany, Thailand, Sweden, Taiwan, South Africa, Saudi Arabia, Turkey are classified as brown water fleets despite the fact they have capabilities equal and superior to countries like Chile and Singapore which are classified as green water fleets.  Similarly the Russian and Chinese Navies, which are more powerful than the fleets of France and Great Britain, are often rate4d as green water fleets to the latter’s blue water fleets.  If anything, these examples show that the geographical location does not determine combat capability.  To add further confusion the term green water fleets has been used by governments to describe the fuel efficiency of their ships, and the criteria for blue water fleet has changed repeatedly over the past few decades as strategy and tactics change.

            Almost a century ago the Navies of the World based their strength ratings entirely on combat capability, namely who had how many Capital Ships, could they support a fleet away from their home shores while protecting their native land, and could they produce weapons independent of any outside power.  This criteria should be applied rather than a geographic location for more accurate assessments of Naval power.  Consider how many Fleets classified as green water navies like Brazil and Chile are dependent on imports, the latter having no Naval industry whatsoever, which is a hindrance in a conflict, as the Argentines found out during the Falklands War.  Consider how countries like Russia, China, and India tend to be classified as green water fleets despite the fact they possess many Capital Ships and can send their forces anywhere in the World, not to mention the fact that their navies are larger and more powerful than the blue water fleets of France and the UK, and that Russia and China can match the US navy in terms of power projection.

            Interestingly enough the German Navy is not often mentioned as a green water fleet, despite the fact that they can deploy their forces anywhere in the World, and that countries like India, South Korea, Spain, Italy, The Netherlands, Turkey, Australia, Greece, South Africa, Argentina, Peru, Nigeria, Israel to name a few use and in some cases are dependent on German technology in their fleets.  One reason for this lack of inclusion is that Germany, like Japan, has a constitution imposed on it at the end of WWII which prevents it from having offensive weapons.  While Japan has to deal with perceived threats from China and North Korea, allowing it to have Aircraft Carriers, though under the classification of “Helicopter Destroyer” the reunification of Germany and the collapse of the communist regime in Russia Germany has no proper threats, which explains why it’s Brandenburg, Sachsen, and Baden-Wuerttemberg classes of Destroyers are called “Command Frigates” and plans to acquire Juan Carlos I class Aircraft Carrier/Amphibious Assault Ships or Johan de Witt class Amphibious Assault Ships have met with opposition from German politicians.  The Netherlands, though having a relatively small Navy, has advanced equipment and has exported their weapons to countries which continue to use their material including Indonesia, Morocco, Peru, Chile, Portugal, Belgium, Malaysia.  The Spanish Juan Carlos I Aircraft Carrier/Amphibious Assault Ship has received attention from the US Navy which has begun to incorporate features in the new America class of Amphibious Assault Ship, and the French have worked with the Russians in building a more heavily armed version of the Mistral class Amphibious Assault Ship.

            The last two instances are important for it shows that larger fleets can learn and be taken to task by smaller fleets, the Spanish/American example of a smaller fleet familiarizing a larger one with new innovation, the French/Russian example of a smaller fleet familiarizing a larger one with a new weapon concept it is unfamiliar with.  Certainly such sharing of technology goes beyond the scope of geographical boundaries and magnify the projection of the Naval power of that country by making other nations, including those superior in capability, dependent on them for basic needs.

            It is even prudent to rate the capabilities of Fleets as well as the Fleets overall.  For instance the Navies of Germany and Iran have second rate battle fleets but first rate military industrial capability, while the Navies of Brazil and Australia have first rate battle fleets but second rate military industrial capability.  Many publicly overrated Navies, like those of Israel, South Africa, Taiwan, Argentina, Saudi Arabia have second rate battle fleets but third rate military industrial capability.

            One has to be careful in using new methods of rating the Navies of other countries, and the more one looks at methods that have stood the test of time one learns not to question them.